Avian adenovirus | group (FADV -)

Avian adenovirus | group (FADV -) basic information

Avian adenovirus | group (FADV -) is a kind of virus that can affect the health of poultry, they belong to the Aviadenovirus genera. According to the molecular structure characteristics of the virus, FADVs can be divided into five kinds, respectively is A, B, C, D and E. According to the serum cross neutralization reaction, can be divided into 12 serotype (FAdVs 1 ~ 7, 8 a, 8 b, 9 ~ 11). These viruses can cause many diseases, such as pericardial effusion syndrome (HPS), inclusion body hepatitis (IBH), muscular stomach erosion, etc.

Avian adenovirus | group (FADV -) and the spread of pathogenic

Avian adenovirus | group (FADV -) can be spread through the horizontal distribution and vertical spread of two ways. Horizontal transmission mainly through the digestive tract and respiratory tract infection, and vertical transmission is through the eggs to the next generation. The virus has a worldwide distribution, different serotype of the virus poultry has infection ability of different age stages. FAdV - 4 main cause HPS, for example, while FAdV - 8 b associated with IBH. Different serotype of the virus on the pathogenicity of SPF chicken are not completely consistent, different strains of the same serotype of SPF chicken embryo pathogenicity is different.

Avian adenovirus | group (FADV -) prevention and control measures

In order to prevent and control avian adenovirus (FADV -) | group, need to take a series of measures, including strengthening biological safety management, implement reasonable immunization programs, and, when necessary, the use of antiviral drugs. Biosecurity measures including strict control introduction, not imported from avian adenovirus the epidemic area, shang poultry seedling, select avian adenovirus sensitive disinfectant as strengthening foreign vehicles, inner environment of disinfection. Immunization programs should be according to the local epidemic situation to choose the appropriate vaccine immunization, conditional group of poultry immune at least two more times. In treatment, can use "egg yolk antibody + antibiotics" solution treatment, to control the condition and reduce death.

To sum up, fowl adenovirus group | (FADV -) is a set of a threat of the virus to poultry health, they and the spread of pathogenic diversity, prevention and control measures should be considered various factors such as biological safety, immune, and treatment.

I fowl adenovirus group of five kinds of the difference between

Avian Adenovirus (Fowl Adenovirus, FAdV) is a kind of no capsule membrane double-stranded DNA viruses, belong to the Adenovirus family Adenoviridae Aviadenovirus avian Adenovirus. Depending on the specific antigen of fowl adenovirus can be divided into Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ group. Ⅰ fowl adenovirus group is divided into five kinds of genotypes (A ~ E), serotype 12 (~ FAdV FAdV - 1-12). These kinds of and there are some key differences between serotype:

1. Genotype: I group of fowl adenovirus genotype including A, B, C, D and E. These genes represents a different variant of the virus genome, each genotype has its unique genome sequence.
2. Type: serum type are classified based on virus serological characteristics, different serotype mean differences of virus in immunology. And FAdV FAdV - 4-8 b, for example, are two different serotype, they may differ on the pathogenic and host range.
3. Pathogenic: different serotype and genotype of fowl adenovirus on pathogenicity is also different. FAdV - 4, for example, are usually associated with pericardial effusion syndrome (HPS), while FAdV - 8 b may result in inclusion body hepatitis (IBH). In addition, certain serotype if FAdV - 8 a and 8 b can cause muscular stomach erosion (GE).
4. Host range: different type of fowl adenovirus and serum may have different host range. Some viruses may mainly infected with certain age or breed of chicken, and other virus may have a more extensive host range.
5. Epidemiological distribution: different type of fowl adenovirus and serum in the global distribution of also is not the same. Some types may be more common in certain areas, while other types may be widely distributed in the global scope.

Above all, I group of five kinds of fowl adenovirus is the main difference between their genotype, serotype, pathogenicity, host range and distribution of epidemiology. These differences in understanding the spread of the virus, diagnosis, and control strategy formulation has important significance.

Avian adenovirus | group (FADV -) the main route of transmission

Avian adenovirus | group (FADV -) transmission way mainly includes the following:

1. Droplet transmission: this is one of the main approach to spread avian adenovirus, when sick birds coughing, sneezing, virus droplets can be released into the air, the other birds may be infected after inhaling these droplets.
2. Contact transmission: direct contact between poultry or through contact with contaminated objects or surfaces, such as feed, air, water, birdhouse, basket, breeding management equipment, transportation vehicles, etc., can lead to the spread of the virus.
3. The fecal-oral transmission: avian adenovirus can through the digestive tract infections, such as through the intake of contaminated food or water, is particularly common in this way of spread in poultry.
4. Vertical transmission: avian adenovirus can also be passed to the next generation of chicken, namely the hen during spawning a virus is transmitted to the embryo, cause the chicks born with the virus.

In order to prevent the spread of avian adenovirus, a series of biological safety measures should be taken, including strict disinfection procedures, quarantine sick birds, birds, the use of unnecessary contact between vaccine immunization, and so on. At the same time, strengthen the management of poultry farms, improve the breeding environment health standards, also is the important measures to prevent the spread of avian adenovirus.

Avian adenovirus | (FADV -) group of preventive measures

Avian adenovirus | group (FADV -) is one of the world's poultry common pathogen of infectious diseases, can spread through a variety of ways, including vertical transmission and horizontal transmission. In order to effectively prevent FADV - spread in poultry, can take the following measures:

1. Biosecurity measures: no from the epidemic area of introducing young seedlings, once found poultry disease, isolated from healthy chickens separate immediately, the chickens do disposal of death. Recommend the use of aldehydes disinfectants, for all kinds of equipment, personnel, water disinfected regularly, and implement all in all out system, to prevent the spread of level.
2. Vaccination: adenovirus immunogenicity is good, the vaccine can be effective in preventing the disease. Should be based on a local epidemic situation to choose the appropriate vaccine immunization. For laying hens made of detoxification biggest stage, should pay special attention to vaccination, in order to reduce the spread of the virus.
3. Daily management: pay attention to the ventilation poultry farm, add vitamins or enhance immunity of drugs in drinking water, diet with attention to nutritional balance, enhance immunity, reduce the resistance to stress factors.
4. Environmental health: keep farming environment cleaning and hygiene, regular cleaning and disinfection, especially should pay attention to the processing of waste, because of the virus in the faeces of drops of the highest degree, is the main way that horizontal transmission.
5. As far as possible avoid contact: avoid contact with may carry virus poultry, particularly during the outbreak, should reduce contact with poultry, and contact wear appropriate protective equipment.

By the comprehensive application of the above measures can effectively reduce the fowl adenovirus group | (FADV -) in poultry on the spread of risks, protect poultry health, reduce economic loss.