Summary of sheep pox virus (SPV)

Pathogenic characteristics

Sheep pox virus (Sheep pox virus comes, SPV) belong to the pox virus family, is a kind of obligate of Sheep and goat virus infection, can cause the Sheep pox disease, commonly known as Sheep smallpox. Virus particles oval, size is about 150-180 nm. Virus on the skin and mucosal epithelial cells has a special affinity, can breed in cells, cause a series of inflammation, characterized by the typical pox, such as pimples, blisters, pustules and scabby pathological changes.

epidemic

Sheep pox has occurred in many countries and regions in the world, especially in Africa, the Middle East, Asia and other sheep industry developed regions. The disease is usually popular in the early spring, cold climate, and poor management factors exacerbate the condition. Sheep for the sheep cause serious health threat, the fatality rate could be as high as 100% of the lamb, pregnant sheep easy abortion after infection, to sheep and bring great economic losses.

Route of transmission

Ovine pox is mainly transmitted by contact, with the virus present in the secretions of the pimple and invading the body through damaged skin or mucous membranes. Can also be through the respiratory tract infection, virus in housing live for a period of time in the air, susceptibility to infection of sheep. In addition, breeding management, care appliances, fur products, etc. Can be medium.

clinical signs and symptoms

Sheep pox typical clinical symptoms include fever, depression, conjunctival redness, runny nose, cough, etc. Pox in skin hair less parts, such as legs, face, breast, etc., for lupus, after development for papules, blisters, finally is scabby. Sheep disease clinical symptoms in 6 to 8 days normally, lamb can show more serious systemic pox, even internal organs would also be affected.

Pathological changes

Sheep pox pathological changes mainly displays on the skin and mucous membranes, pox, blisters, scabby and pustules. In some cases, the lesions may also appear in internal organs, such as lungs, heart, kidneys, etc., presenting as grayish-white flat or hemispherical nodules. Especially in the surface of the lungs, lesions may be similar to adenoma, variable number, and the nature of the lesion.

Methods of Diagnosis

Sheep pox diagnosis relies mainly on the clinical symptoms and pathological changes, laboratory diagnosis methods include serological detection method such as PCR and ELISA. The PCR method has the characteristics of strong specificity, high sensitivity, fast and exact detection can be used to.

Preventive measures

Prevention measures mainly include vaccination and improved husbandry management. Vaccine can produce lasting immunity, periodically sheep the sheep pox vaccine immunization. After the onset of the disease, the sheep should be isolated immediately, the sheep pen should be thoroughly disinfected, and the convalescent serum should be used for treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine treatment also have certain effect, such as the use of Chinese herbal medicine such as honeysuckle, radix angelicae for treatment.

conclusion

To sum up, sheep pox virus (SPV) is a kind of pose a serious threat to health of sheep virus, its prevalence is widespread, route of transmission diversity, to be specific clinical symptoms and pathological changes. Diagnosis and prevention and control measures need combined with the actual situation into account, to ensure the effective control of the spread of the epidemic and protect healthy sheep.